One tool for doing research is the ship's helicopter. For Australian geologist Duanne White and Swiss Minerologist Roland Oberhänsli (from the University of Potsdam), it is their first helicopter trip in the region. They head towards the southeast, in the direction of Casey Bay to the Rayner Glacier in Enderby Land. The researchers have maps with specific locations they would like to investigate and take samples from. The aim of the research is to investigate the retreating ice in this region, and the speed and impact it has had on climate change in the past.
As a consequence of the melting ice, rock is uncovered, which is then exposed to sunlight and other cosmic radiation. The ensuing radiation damage in the rock can be measured in the laboratory by looking at isotope levels. Chemical methods determine the radiation intensity and how long the material has already been exposed. Many different samples are required for a good reconstruction of the process of the disappearing ice and the best samples are found in areas at the edge of glaciers. The first sign of a disappearing ice mass is deep scratches in the rock, made by the movement of flowing ice masses. These scratches are witnesses to the long-term history of the region.
The geologists return by evening, inspired from a very successful day on the Antarctic continent. In the meantime, the Polarstern lies in a solid ice field, a bizarre landscape of white expanse and icebergs shining in the sun. It is a moment that one would like to enjoy alone, but already the the research vessel sounds its horn and starts moving further eastwards.
Photos & text: Michael Trapp / Alfred Wegener Institute